proc format ; value AREA /* area */ 1 = 'Burbank' 2 = 'Lancaster' 3 = 'Long Beach' 4 = 'Glendora' ; value FSEX /* sex of father */ 1 = 'male' ; value MSEX /* sex of mother */ 2 = 'female' ; value OCSEX /* sex, oldest child */ 1 = 'male' 2 = 'female' ; run; /* proc datasets ; modify lung; format AREA AREA.; format FSEX FSEX.; format MSEX MSEX.; format OCSEX OCSEX.; run; quit; */